Category: Jurisprudence and Juristic Principles

The proper name of the city of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, to which he emigrated from Makkah and in which he lived and died.

Reaching the state of perfection.

The interval during which the woman is free from menses and post-natal bleeding.

Giving a non-binding religious ruling.

A contract between a male and a female that permits them to enjoy each other legitimately.

Pouring water all over the body with the intention to remove major ritual impurity, or to perform the recommended purification, or without any intention.

The voluntary prayers that Allah Almighty legislated as extra to the obligatory prayers.

A prayer performed between ‘Ishā’ prayer and the break of dawn to conclude the night prayer.

Performing prayer in congregation.

The intention to start the rituals of Hajj or ‘Umrah.

Interpreting speech and rendering it from one language to another.

Everything that is definitively prohibited under Shariah.

The ninth month of the Hijri calendar.

Allah’s praise of the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) before the higher assembly of close angels.

The confirmed Sunnah prayers which are performed before or after the obligatory prayers.

Dissolving the marriage contract wholly or partially on the spot or at a later time using specific words or metaphors to the same effect.

A branch of knowledge which states who is eligible to inherit from the deceased and who is not, and the exact share of each heir.

Any statement that includes glorification of Allah and expressing love for Him.

A word that is said upon completing the recitation of Surat al-Fātihah and at the end of supplications. It means: "O Allah, answer the supplication".

Dutifulness and kindness to one’s parents through words and deeds during their life and after their death.

The times set by Shariah for the performance of prayers.

The greeting said by a Muslim when he meets or leaves his fellow Muslims.

All types of properties or rights that a person leaves behind after his death.

Eliminating ritual impurities and filth which prevent the state of purity required for performing prayer.

Request of the Lawgiver (Allah) to do something in a way that is not binding.

A strength that comes to a child and transforms him into a man or a woman.

Asking Allah Almighty to pardon one’s sins and to protect him from their consequences.

Giving out a specific part of certain kinds of property in a certain manner to certain types of people.

The donation that a person gives from his own wealth as an act of worship and in pursuit of reward from Allah Almighty.

The direction the Muslims face in prayer.

The place where a dead person is buried in the ground.

Washing the entire body of the deceased with water in a Shariah-approved manner.

Name of the disbelieving jinn who is created from fire.

A set of statements and actions that starts with Takbīr and ends with Taslīm.

Judging a Muslim to be an apostate.

Placing the deceased person in his grave and covering him with dust.

Charity consisting of food that becomes obligatory at the end of Ramadān.

Giving out a specific amount of gold, silver, or of their product or banknotes to those who deserve Zakah if they reach the Nisāb (amount liable for Zakah) and one lunar year elapses while they are in the owner’s possession.

Visiting the graves of Muslims with the intention to supplicate for them, derive lessons from their condition, and remember the Hereafter.

The tenth day of the month of Muharram.

Following the deceased and carrying him to the place where the funeral prayer will be offered for him and the place where he will be buried.

A stipulated increase with no exchange for credit in return for delaying the settlement of a due debt. It is also an increase or a delay in cash on selling things of a specified type on the spot.

Sale transactions that are prohibited under Shariah.

The five prayers that should be performed every day and night. They are: Zhuhr, ‘Asr, Maghrib, ‘Ishā’, and Fajr prayers.

Practices that are prohibited for a person in the state of Ihrām for Hajj or ‘Umrah.

Using pure water to wash particular body parts in a particular manner as an act of worship.

A two-Rak‘ah prayer that is performed in a specific manner on the day of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Ad-ha.

A two-Rak‘ah prayer to be performed after the two-part sermon at noon on Friday.

Supplication and prayer offered for a deceased person in a specific manner.

Voluntary prayers legislated in addition to the five obligatory prayers.

To abstain from whatever breaks the fast from the break of dawn until sunset while having this intention.

Everything that a person believes in with absolute certainty, his heart agrees with, and he adopts as a doctrine.

To defend those you care about whether they are right or wrong, in support of your tribe, group, color, or the like.

Allah's ordainment a certain act to be done by way of obligation.

To report about something in a way contrary to its reality, whether deliberately or mistakenly.

Exchange of a property for another for the purpose of ownership and transferring ownership.

Musical instruments like the flute and so on.

The objectives and rationales that the Lawgiver took into consideration, generally and specifically, while legislating to achieve people’s interests.

It is the opposite of Islam or a statement, act, belief, doubt, or neglect of an obligation which takes one out of the fold of Islam.

A statment of the Lawgiver (Allah) ordering to avoid something, but not in strictly prohibitory terms.

Protection of man’s life, property, and honor.

Spilling the blood of an animal in a certain manner.

Secretly taking some valuable property from a secure place where property is usually hidden.

Saying: "Rabbana wa lak al-hamd" (Our Lord, and all praise is due to You) upon standing upright after rising from "rukū‘" (bowing) in prayer.

A firm command by the Almighty Lawgiver to refrain from a particular action.

Worshiping Allah Almighty by bowing the head and back in a certain manner in prayer.

Covering the parts of the body that people find it embarrassing and shameful to reveal, especially during prayer, like the private parts.

Two prostrations performed in order to make up for a deficiency in the prayer due to doubt or forgetfulness.

Calmness and settlement of all parts of the body for an interval of time in all pillars of prayer.

The body parts that should be covered and which one feels shy about uncovering, such as the private parts and the buttocks.

A place allocated for establishing prayer on a permanent basis.

The guidance followed by the Prophet (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him) and his noble Companions in terms of religious affairs, which include statements, actions, and beliefs.

Verse 255 of Surat al-Baqarah in the Noble Qur’an.

Deviation from the truth, intentionally or unintentionally.

To do what is commanded and abstain from what is forbidden out of compliance whether in terms of statements, actions, or beliefs.

The cognitive instinct by which Allah Almighty has distinguished man from other living beings. Loss of mind renders the person no longer accountable for religious duties.

Consuming any intoxicant, be it liquid or solid, in small or large quantities.

Visiting the Sacred Mosque in Makkah any day of the year to perform special rituals.

When an accountable person intentionally, forgetfully, or out of laziness abandons the obligatory prayers until the due time is over.

Intentionally giving a false testimony with the aim of deception.

The clear course in the religion that includes the beliefs, rulings, and ethics.

Everything that is definitively prohibited under Shariah.

Sexual intercourse with a woman outside marriage or without her being the man’s female slave or doubtful female slave or wife.

A scholar making his best efforts to reach a secondary Shariah ruling based on the relevant proofs.

Everything permitted and sanctioned by the Shariah.

Voluntary prayer and recitation of "dhikr" (expressions of remembrance of Allah) during the night.

A Muslim who has committed a major sin or is persistent upon committing minor sins, and hasn"t repented from them.

An inherent characteristic that urges an individual to be religiously righteous and have a sense of honor.

Arab Bedouins or the Arab desert dwellers.

Occurrence of something that breaks one's fast in reality or in effect.

The time of menstrual cycle

Falsely attributing immorality (unlawful sex) to someone else

Acknowledgement made by a legally responsible person of the right due upon him to another person.

Giving money to help someone who will make use of it and then return its equivalent

A small mountain at which the pilgrim performing Hajj or ‘Umrah starts his "sa‘y" (walking rapidly back and forth between Mounts Safa and Marwah).

Prayer that is performed in a particular manner because of one's sickness

Removal of the remains of feces or urine from the private parts with stones or a similar solid substance.

An agreement of all the mujtahids (senior Muslim scholars) from the community of Muhammad, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, in a certain era after his death on a particular Islamic ruling.

The right to which one becomes entitled after the death of the owner of that right due to their kinship relationship or so.

Forcing someone to do or say something against his will by using threat and compulsion.

A black stone which is found in the southern corner of the Holy Ka‘bah, on the left side of the door.

The tool that is used to clean the mouth, such as the twig of the "arāk" tree and so forth.

The one who leads people in prayer; in order to be followed.

Announcing that the congregational prayer is about to start with a specific wording dictated by the Shariah.

A person who drinks intoxicants (alcohol) in small or large quantities.

An intention to hit someone wrongfully with a tool that does not often kills, but the killing occurs.

Sexual enjoyment of a woman with another woman.

Whoever has the right of enforcement in a country's government.

A right that one is personally liable for fulfilling.

Everything that can be possessed by humans and has a value.

Collective name for camels, cows, and sheep.

The rulers of a country and their deputies.

The arrangement of rows in the congregational prayer right behind each other such that there is not more than usual distance between them.

Water, a characteristic of which (i.e, smell, taste, or color) has changed by something impure falling into it.

A name given to the sacrificial animals that are slaughtered on the days of Eid al-Ad'ha (10th of Dhul-Hijjah), with the intention of drawing closer to Allah, and done in a specifically-legislated way.

Abstaining from everything that nullifies the fast such as food, drink, sexual relation, and the like.

A man's wife and relatives whom he is financially responsible for.

An orgasm or intercourse experienced during sleep (in a dream) often accompanied with the discharge of semen.

A state in which a woman refrains from applying all means of adornment and beauty that attract men to her for a certain period of time after her husband's death.

A state in which fear, sickness, or the like prevents a Muslim in the state of "ihrām" (ritual state of consecration) from proceeding with the rituals of Hajj or ‘Umrah initially or permanently, partially or entirely.

Good manners and beautiful attributes that are required by Shariah.

Pilgrim ending his state of "ihraam" [ritual state of consecration assumed for Hajj and ‘Umrah] by doing specific actions.

To declare permissibility for someone to do something from which he was prohibited under Shariah.

A state in which the imam assigns one of the worshipers to substitute him in leading the prayer due to a reason that prevents him from continuing it.

Lengthening the garment and lowering it beyond its Shariah bound (to the point that its lower end reaches below the ankles).

Saying at the time of calamity: "Inna lillah wa inna ilayhi raaji‘oon." (Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed unto Him we shall return.)

Knowing how to derive Islamic rulings from the detailed evidence of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).

A person's relatives and members of his household, who provide him with strength and support.

Wrapping the upper garment of the Ihram attire under the right armpit and rolling the two edges over the left arm, so that the right shoulder is exposed and the left is covered. This is done by the male pilgrim in Hajj or ‘Umrah before he starts to make Tawaf around the Ka‘bah.

Consoling the bereaved and urging them to be patient, along with making supplication for the deceased person and his family.

A change in the heart that occurs when one's blood boils and urges them to attack violently and take revenge.

Collective agreement of "mujtahids" (well versed Muslim jurists) on a specific ruling concerning a specific issue.

Transforming from one state to another, such as transforming one’s intention in prayer from performing a certain obligatory prayer to another obligatory prayer, or from an obligatory prayer to a voluntary prayer, whether intentionally or mistakenly.

A state in which each of the contracting parties receives one's rights in the contracting session.

Carelessness and neglect that cause a person to delay a prayer or to not perform it until the time of the next prayer starts.

The sin that makes the one who commits it deserving of reprimand and punishment.

Endowment funds designated to be used in the cause of Allah, by benefiting from it or its profit while preserving the fund itself.

Extracting blood from the surface of the skin with a tool or the like.

The right of a partner to buy the share of his partner from the person who bought it at the price they have agreed upon.

The image of any creature of the creation of Allah, the Exalted, whether it is three-dimensional or not.

Removing the soft hair that covers the skin of the eyebrows.

A deed that is carried out in a manner that is contrary to the Islamic Shariah.

Preventing a person from disposing of his own wealth for a reason.

Looking after a child, raising them, and doing what is in their best interest.

A group of Muslims who challenge the authority of the ruler based on a plausible interpretation, and they have supporters and a fortified place to take shelter in.

The city of Jerusalem in Palestine, where the blessed Aqsa Mosque is located.

Recompensing for a damaged item, either with a similar item or with its value if it has no similar item.

To harbor evil intentions towards others with the urge to seek revenge.

The time when supplication is most likely to be answered by Allah, the Almighty, on Friday.

Volunteer fighters in the cause of Allah who are not assigned a share of the military funds, even if they are wealthy.

Removal of filth or ritual impurity that prevents prayer.

Right of the contracting parties to cancel the contract or continue it as long as they are still present together in the place where the contract is being concluded.

Gentleness and leniency in all actions, verbal and physical.

An integral part of prayer that is essential for it to be valid, such as standing, bowing, prostrating, etc.

Leaving the religion of Islam for disbelief.

Spending money and dispersing it in an unjustified manner.

Paying damages (the required monetary compensation) to a harmed party.

Placing both hips, or only one, on the ground and letting the left foot come out from under the right one, or letting both come out.

Starting actions with the right side, such as starting with the right hand and right foot when washing the hands and feet in ablution.

Resisting the aggressor and preventing him from assaulting one's life, honor, or property unrightfully.

Confinement of wealth or property as collateral for a financial obligation.

Seeking refuge by reciting the Qur’anic verses and supplications to preserve one's health or cure illness.

Claiming to know the unseen and the future.

What the Shariah condemns the one who intentionally abandons it totally.

Praying the four-"rak‘ah" (unit of prayer) prayer as only two "rak‘ahs" while on a journey.

Making up for missed prayers after elapsing their prescribed time.

The times of day at which performing prayer is disliked according to Shariah.

A group of words from the Noble Qur’an, connected to one another, having a beginning and an end.

A thin clear liquid that seeps out of the penis without spurting out during foreplay and kissing.

A husband takes back his revocably divorced wife during her 'iddah (the prescribed waiting period after divorce), without a new marriage contract.

A wife's refusal to disobey her husband and her rebellious attitude towards him concerning his due rights without a valid excuse.

Replacing an earlier religious ruling with another ruling by a subsequent Shar`ee text

A woman who is permanently forbidden to marry a certain man because of kinship, nursing, or marriage ties between them.

The state of having an attentive tranquil heart and composed limbs in prayer.

A prayer that is performed in a specific manner during times of fear, such as in the presence of the enemy, while fighting the enemy, and in similar instances.

The prayer that is performed in a specific manner during travel.

Sale of a commodity on credit and then repurchasing it for a lesser amount in cash (before receiving the credit payment).

Making something appear different from what it is really like.

Penalty prescribed by the Shariah which entails punishing the perpetrator by subjecting him to the same harm that he is guilty of.

An individual or a gang stop people on their way, using weapons, to scare, kill, or rob them, or the like.

To associate something known with another for the purpose of establishing or denying a common ruling, due to the commonality between them.

Someone who claims having knowledge of the unseen and foretells the future affairs through the Jinn and Devils.

Intangible benefit obtained from using things, such as living in houses and the like.

Money or property that someone finds unguarded and does not know the owner of.

Assigning the ownership of something to someone for no return during one's life.

Demanding verbally from someone not to do something in an authoritative manner.

Raising one’s voice as an expression of grief over a dead person.

Anyone who worships a created being and possesses no divine book.

The eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth day of the month of Dhul-Hijjah.

Fasting two or more days continuously without any reason deliberately.

Legal authority that entitles its holder to manage someone else’s affair, whether related to the worldly life or the Hereafter.

A name designated for a Jew or a Christian.

The Shariah-approved means (slaughtering) that makes eating a terrestrial animal whose consumption is allowable permissible.

When a man conducts a marriage contract for someone else.

Every sane, adult Muslim whom a man or woman is permanently forbidden from marrying due to a legitimate reason.

Saying a word (which has more than one meaning) whose obvious meaning is understood by the listener while you, in fact, intend another meaning of the word.

Place allocated for burying the dead people.

A voluntary prayer that is performed during the month of Ramadan after the ‘Ishā’ prayer.

Transferring the possession of something to someone else, who, in return, takes possession of it and owns it independently

A woman commits "sufoor" when she exposes her beauty and attractive features in the presence of non-Mahram (marriageable) men.

Rebellion against the ruler by a group of people based on an plausible interpretation of religious text.

Something a person is required by the Shariah to refrain from, but not obligated.

What a person is praised or condemned for, whether it is related to his own self, his family, or his lineage.

It is a human characteristic which drives the person possessing it to adopt the good and beautiful manners and give up the bad and evil ones.

Abstaining oneself from unlawful desires; by protecting the private parts from committing what is unlawful and preventing the tongue from slander and so on.

The language spoken by the Arabs.

What people customarily acknowledge and condone in a certain time and place.

A group of people who are one's close relatives and family members, by whom one finds strength.

A pact made with non-Muslims living in an Islamic state that guarantees protection for their lives and properties on the condition that they pay the "jizyah" (tax imposed on non-Muslims who live under the Muslim rule) and adhere to the rulings of Islam pertaining to worldly affairs.

Correlating the offer issued by one party to the acceptance of another party in a way that makes a relevant Shariah ruling effective.

The animal slaughtered on the occasion of the birth of a baby with the intention of getting closer to Allah.

Firmly understanding the reality of something.

The person appointed by the ruler to judge between people and bind them to comply with a legal ruling.

The fight between two people or more with weapons.

Killing that takes place without intending the act of killing and the person being killed, or without intending one of them.

The foreskin that covers the glans and which is removed during circumcision.

It is when an assailant seeks to kill someone while being aware of the inviolability of his blood by something that will most likely cause his death.

Disliking to share some right with others without one's choice.

A legally accountable person assassinating an innocent person while the latter being heedless and feeling safe.

Insertion of one genital organ into another unlawful genital organ, such as fornication, sodomy, and the like.

Separation between husband and wife.

Contravention of performing an action to Islamic law and not attaining its legal implications.

Dividing the man's time between his wives if he has two or more wives.

A person who is not competent for religious assignments.

The army commander who is in charge of the war affairs, the battle management, etc.

Taking something into one's possession and having full control of it.

The statement made by either of the two parties of a contract indicating his agreement to carry out the transaction.

Shaving parts of the head and leaving other parts unshaven.

Emphasizing or confirming a matter by swearing by a sacred being preceded by one of the following three Arabic letters: "bā’", "waw", "tā’" (as in saying: "billāhi", "wallāhi", "tallāhi"; all mean: by Allah).

Freedom of a person's liability of the rights of others.

Using money for buying and selling in order to make profit.

The Arabian Peninsula is the land of the Arabs and their dwelling place. The scholars had different views about its boundaries. Some said that it comprises the area between Aden of Abyan in Yemen (in the South) to the borders of the Levant (in the North), which are the two mountains of Tayy’; Aja’ and Salmā, near the city of Hā’il. As for the width of the Peninsula, it extends from Jeddah and the surrounding areas of the Red Sea Coast (in the West) to the Iraqi countryside (in the East). Other scholars said that the Arabian Peninsula extends lengthwise along the area between Hafr Abu Mūsa, which is known today as Hafr al-Bātin, to the extremities of Tihāmah from the side of Hijaz. Widthwise, it covers the areas between the sandy parts of Yabreen, which is parallel to the Ahsā’ region and affiliated to it, and the borders of the city of Samāwah in Iraq. The Arabian Peninsula was called a peninsula because it is surrounded by the Gulf of Arabia, the Abyssinian Sea (the Red Sea), and the Tigris and Euphrates.

Forbidding an action and requiring abandoning it to comply with the Shariah, so the one who abandons it deserves reward and the one who commits it deserves punishment.

Affirming a matter or emphasizing it by mentioning the name of a glorified being (i.e. Allah or one of His attributes) in a special form preceded by one of the oath letters.

Sighting the crescent with the eye after sunset on the 29th of the lunar month by a reliable person whose testimony is accepted.

Any type of fast legislated by Allah other than the obligatory fast.

Women whom are forbidden to marry, and marriage is invalid if happened.

Excretion of urine or feces from the usual or substitute exits

Anyone who completely or partially lacks mental faculties.

The person who does not have enough provisions for one year.

Something required and encourage by Shariah, be it obligatory or recommended.

The unusual hardship that a person finds in practicing a religious duty.

A relationship caused by marriage

Violating one's oath by doing what one swore not to do or by leaving what one swore to do.

Time when death approaches a human being and its signs appear.

The cause that obligates making ablution, ghusl (ritual bath), or dry ablution.

The narration transmitted by a group of narrators from another group whereby it is impossible that they all colluded to fabricate it, due to its large number, from the beginning of the chain of narration to its end.

Wearing something that covers the woman's head, such as a garment or a head cover.

Each party adopting an approach different from the other party in terms of words, actions, or beliefs.

Adopting secret methods which could not be detected except by wit and insight in order to achieve a certain purpose.

Using something wastefully, whether in terms of amount or manner.

Refusing something by words or action and showing that it is rejected.

Major issues of the religion that a Muslim is not excused for not observing, regardless of whether they are matters related to belief, statements, or actions.

Letting the hair of the beard grow and increase without trimming or shaving it.

Taking someone"s right openly, aggressively, and unjustly.

Doing unnecessary useless actions, which are not part of the prayer, owing to one's lack of concentration.

A man's children and his father's children, males and females, down the family tree line.

The clear, unambiguous verses whose meaning is not hidden from anyone.

Conflict between two or more valid non-contradictory opinions which can be reconciled.

A type of incantation used to treat someone who is thought to be possessed by the jinn (suffering a mental imbalance due to a devil's possession).

Serenity of the heart, along with feelings of comfort and intimacy, without restlessness or fear.

To make a statement, do an act, or hold a belief that is contrary to the truth, or principally unkown.

Invalidation and rejection of a deed (by Allah Almighty).

Disparaging any part of the religion of Islam and criticizing its rulings.

Steadfastness upon the path of truth and adherence to it without deviation or transgression.

Each behavior that discourages others from practicing Islam or any Islamic teachings.

Any action which entails the application of “hadd” (Sharia-prescribed punishment) or “ta‘zir” (discretionary punishment). The punishment may be due for doing an action or for failing to do an action, whether it violates the right of the Creator or a created being.

Nourishment from food that is certainly lawful and earned by lawful means without wasting nor using it in sinful ways.

Submission of the heart and its fear of Allah out of love and glorification, along with being submissive to the truth outwardly and inwardly.

One's weakness and submission to someone else unwillingly.

Lack of reason that causes a person to misbehave whether in matters pertaining to himself or in dealing with his Creator or with other people.

Knowing the Shariah rulings through their detailed proofs by using jurisprudential rules and methods of deduction.

Frightening the enemy by preparing oneself psychologically and developing the necessary power to prevent him from fighting and harming Muslims.

Fulfilling commitments, honoring promises, and meeting their requirements with sincerity and integrity.

Confirming a statement by mentioning a glorified entity in a specific wording.

Glorifying Allah by words, deeds, and beliefs.

An affirmed and true fact that cannot be denied.

Expelling and driving someone away from goodness as a form of condemnation, or supplicating against them to that effect.

Taking charge of the affairs of a child whose father has died, and striving to achieve his religious and worldly interests, thereby seeking reward from Allah.

Inability to do something because of bodily weakness or other impediments.

The foundations upon which something is established and without which it cannot be achieved.

The conclusive, correct, explicit religious matters that do not change in any time or place.

When each one of the disputers provides their proof with the intention of invalidating the opinion of the other.

Walking all the way around the Ka‘bah seven times, with the intention of worship, starting from the Black Stone and finishing there.

A fatal contagious disease that spreads quickly.

Husband likening his wife to someone whom it is unlawful to have intercourse with, such as his mother, his sister, etc.

Putting everything in its correct place.

Someone who handles the rights of others without valid permission.

Lapse of the prescribed time for an act of worship.

The needy person who does not own enough money.

Resorting to Allah and seeking strength through Him; to protect oneself against the evil.

Transferring the ownership of a property or a benefit to someone else during one"s lifetime in exchange for nothing, whether it is done for the sake of Allah, or as an act of endearment.

What all or most of the scholars of Madinah agreed upon during the time of the Companions, the "Tābi‘is" (generation following the Companions), or their successors, whether their agreement was based on transmitted narrations or personal reasoning.

The spread of an unfavorable matter that affects most people and is difficult to avoid.

Imitating the imam in (congregational) prayer.

Consuming what is forbidden by the Shariah, whether by eating, wearing, riding, or otherwise.

The price paid in return for a sold commodity.

To end a binding contract as well as its implications after it is concluded by mutual consent of the two parties.

Informing someone of a religious ruling that he has asked about, without enforcing it.

To give a grace period to claim a due right until a time of affluence and financial ability.

Something lawful and pleasant to human souls, which is free from harm or evil.

Forgiveness of a sin and removal of its punishment.

The two "rak‘ahs" (units of prayer) preceding the Witr prayer.

Proofs that are established through speculation, opinion, and personal reasoning.

Sources of Islamic legislation whose validity are not debated by the scholars of the Muslim Ummah. They are the Qur’an, the Sunnah, "ijmā‘" (consensus), and "qiyās" (analogy).

Legally accepted personal reasoning whose general and special conditions are fulfilled.

Allah's commandments, relating to the acts of the slaves either by way of demand or option.

The divine commandments pertaining to people's deeds, whether they are required to perform a certain deed or leave it or are given the choice.

Seeking to know the legal ruling on a certain issue.

Non-obligation of man to fulfill religious obligations and financial duties until evidence from the Shariah is established to this effect.

A person’s ability to do something or leave it.

A science whereby the general proofs of the Islamic jurisprudence are derived, and the manner of applying them is known, along with knowing the state and description of those to whom such proofs are applicable.

Scholars who fulfill the requirements of deducing legal rulings from their proofs.

A request by the legislator to avoid doing something without making this rule obligatory.

Serious need that drives one to violate a “shar`i” ruling.

An original ruling established by a legitimate proof, being free from a preponderant conflicting proof.

What has been transmitted from the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, of independent reasoning in one of the issues of the religion.

Prayers that are missed and not performed in their designated times.

Animals which instinctively attack people and harm them.

A female slave impregnated by her master who then gave birth, whether the newborn was alive or dead.

He who is unable to speak standard Arabic even if he is an Arab.

Any bad words intended to degrade and insult someone.

The language spoken by the Persians.

The signs erected in certain places specified by the Shariah to mark the boundaries of the Sacred Mosque in Makkah and in Madinah.

The sitting position in prayer wherein the worshiper bends his left foot underneath him and sits on it and erects his right foot so that his heel is raised and the bottom of his toes are on the ground with the toe tips pointing to the "qiblah" (prayer direction).

Taking out one fifth of the spoils of war.

Using antimony (eyeliner) in the eyelids for beautification or remedy.

Performing prayer or one of its acts that the worshiper has missed doing at its Shariah-assigned place as long as it permits doing so.

The age period of humans from the time of the birth until reaching the age of puberty.

Anyone who has been captured by the enemy, whether in the battle or not.

Validity of an action according to the Shariah, whereby its consequences come into effect.

Selling money for money, whether they are of the same type and description or are different.

The surface of the earth regardless of whether it is covered with dust or something else.

A designated area used for answering the call of nature.

Joining a child who is of unknown lineage to the man who claims to be his father if certain conditions are met.

Being uncertain about one's state of ritual purity, regardless of whether the two possibilities are even or one of them is preponderant.

One's desire to have sexual intercourse.

Circumambulating (making "Tawaaf") around the Ka‘bah once, starting at the Black Stone and finishing at the Black Stone; or walking once (during Hajj or ‘Umrah in a rite called "Sa‘y") from Mount Safa to Mount Marwah or vice versa.

A relationship between two persons through a close or distant birth.

Forcing someone to do something or quit doing it.

The woman who is owned by her master.

A joint enterprise between two or more persons to conduct some business.

The one who has the right to join to his possession the share of his neighbor or partner.

Taking money with the intention of benefiting from it on condition that the borrower returns the same amount to the lender later on.

Regaining mental faculties following a state of intoxication, mental illness, or fainting.

Removing virginity of a woman by sexual intercourse, felony, or the like.

The wounds in a person’s head or face.

Bones of the fingers and toes.

Leaving jihad against the disbelievers for a specific period of time.

A person born with both male and female sexual organs or neither of the two.

The authority that possesses the public funds of the Muslims.

A wrap made of wool or the like that is worn on the feet and covers the ankles.

Removing impurities from one's clothing, body, or a place.

Purification done in order to perform a voluntary, not obligatory, act of worship.

A person who is incapable of reciting Sūrat al-Fātihah properly, neither from memory nor from the mus'haf (physical copy of the Qur’an), even if they can recite other surahs properly.

Emergence of coarse hair around the genitals.

A person's ascription to his paternal line of relatives (his father's family lineage).

Termination of the time designated for the waiting period of the divorced wife according to the Shariah.

Stoppage of bloodflow.

Not doing something despite of being able to do it, whether it be intentionally or unintentionally.

A young camel that has completed one year of age and has started its second year.

Leaning against something and using it for support with any part of the body.

Everything that is edible and sustains the body.

The supreme leadership position in a country.

The disbeliever enemies who neither have a covenant with Muslims nor are granted protection in Muslim lands.