Category: Significations and Inference
Perfect - كمالية
Reaching the state of perfection.
Translated into: English French Spanish Urdu Indonesian Bosnian Russian
Belief - اعْتِقاد
Everything that a person believes in with absolute certainty, his heart agrees with, and he adopts as a doctrine.
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Obedience - طاعَةٌ
To do what is commanded and abstain from what is forbidden out of compliance whether in terms of statements, actions, or beliefs.
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Duress/Compulsion - إِكْراهٌ
"Ikrāh": forcing someone to do something he dislikes. It is derived from "kurh", which means dislike.
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Deductive reasoning - اِسْتِنْباطٌ
"Istinbāt": deduce. It is derived from "anbat", which means "extract" and originally comes from "nabat", which is the water that comes out of the well immediately after it is dug up.
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Excuse - عُذْرٌ
"‘Udhr": A proof that one uses for an excuse. Everything that removes blame is an excuse.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Pillar - رُكْنٌ
"Rukn": foundation, support, strongest side, pivot. It is derived from "rakn", which means strength, firmness. Other meanings: the supporting pillar of something, which keeps it erect.
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Obligation - فَرْضٌ
"Fard": cutting, obligation, appraisal.
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Duty/Obligation - وَاجِبٌ
"Wājib": required, established. It is derived from "wujūb", which means: requirement, establishment, falling.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Arabic language - عَرَبِيَّةٌ
"Al-‘Arabiyyah": the language that Arabs speak. It is derived from "ta‘rīb", which means: clarification, declaration.
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Knowledge - العِلْمٌ
"‘Ilm": knowledge. Opposite: ignorance. Other meanings: understanding, belief.
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Annulment/Revocation - فَسْخٌ
"Faskh": removing, lifting, annulling, invalidating.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Ignorance - جهل بالاعتقاد
"Jahl": ignorance. Opposite: knowledge. Other meanings: foolishness.
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Pillars - أركان
The foundations upon which something is established and without which it cannot be achieved.
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Proof/Guide - دَلِيْل
"Dalīl": evidence, indicating sign. Other meanings: guide to something.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Giving religious Fatwa/rulings - إفتاء
"Iftā’": the answer to a question. Other meanings: clarification of something obscure or confusing.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Ending/Termination - انْقِضاءٌ
Termination of the time designated for the waiting period of the divorced wife according to the Shariah.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Leaving/Abandoning - تَرْكٌ
Not doing something despite of being able to do it, whether it be intentionally or unintentionally.
Translated into: English French Spanish Urdu Indonesian Russian
coercion - تَلْجِئَةٌ
Coercing someone to do something whose hidden reality contradicts what is apparent thereof, such as a sale.
Translated into: English French Indonesian Russian
Necessities - ضَرُورِيّاتٌ
Interests that are necessary for the establishment of the religion and life, such that if all or some of them are missing, life is ruined or disturbed.
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Action with legal consequences - تَصَرُّفٌ
Whatever a person does willingly and leads to a consequence under the Shariah, whether this consequence is for the benefit of the doer or not.
Translated into: English Russian
Predominance of assumption - غَلَبَةُ الظَّنِّ
The absolute preponderance of one side over the other in such a way that the other side is totally discarded.
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Determination/Resolution - عَزْمٌ
Firm decision to do or leave something.
Translated into: English French Urdu Russian
Interpretation/Allegorical interpretation - تَأوِيلٌ
Replacing the apparent meaning of the word with another different meaning.
Translated into: English French Urdu Indonesian Russian
Ambiguous - مُشْكِلٌ
A word whose meaning cannot be understood independently, but something else explains and clarifies it.
Translated into: English French Urdu Indonesian Russian
Conclusive/decisive proof - بُرْهانٌ
Categorical proof that provides knowledge and evidence that reveals the truth.
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Clarification - بيان
Clarifying the speech to the listener and revealing its meaning, whether with words or actions.
Translated into: English French Spanish Indonesian Bosnian Russian
Gnosis/Knowledge - عِرْفانٌ
Perceiving something and realizing its reality through deep thinking and contemplation.
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Attribute - وصف
Self-essential meaning
Translated into: English French Indonesian Russian
Homonym/Polysemous term - مُشْتَرَكٌ لَفظيُّ
A word that has same spelling and several meanings.
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Precision/Accuracy - إِحْكامٌ
Doing something precisely and preventing it from being flawed or defective.
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Deduction/Inference - استدلال
Establishing proof to confirm something or refute it.
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Inclusiveness - عُـمُومٌ
It is that a term includes all its possible meanings in a certain context.
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Delaying - تَرَاخِي
The possibility to perform an act of worship at the end of its prescribed time without being blamed for doing so.
Translated into: English French Russian
General - عَامٌّ
A term that signifies all individuals subsumed under it, without limitation.
Translated into: English French
Induction - اسْتِقْراءٌ
Examining particular instances, or majority of such instances, to apply their ruling to a general instance that includes them.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Exception - اسْتِثْناءٌ
Excluding some elements covered by a general phrase from its ruling by using special Arabic articles of exception, such as "illā" or the like.
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Obscurity - إِبْهامٌ
Obscurity and lack of clarity.
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Brevity/Abridgment - إِجْمالٌ
Speaking in a manner that can be understood in multiple ways.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Restricting - مُقَيَّدٌ
Qualifying a general term with restrictive characteristics and conditions.
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Contradictory statement - تَناقُضٌ
It is when the plaintiff or the witness says what necessitates invalidating his former statement, whether related to the rights of Allah or to the rights of people.
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Extracting/Identifying the cause - تَخْرِيجُ المَناطِ
Deducing the cause of a ruling which is established by (religious) text or consensus.
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Specific - خاصٌّ
Any expression used to indicate something that is exclusive.
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Lateness - تَأَخُّرٌ
Something occurring after its designated or usual position, whether pertaining to time or place.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Delay - تَأخيرٌ
To delay something beyond its Shariah-assigned time or location.
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Particularization/Specification of a general text - تخصيص
Excluding some connotations of a general text (expression).
Translated into: English Bosnian
Absolute/Unconditional - مُطْلَقٌ
A term that indicates one thing without restriction.
Translated into: English French Russian
Implicit/Understood meaning - مَفْهُومٌ
The meaning that a word indicates without being explicitly expressed by the speaker.
Translated into: English French Urdu Indonesian Bosnian
Deluding - إيهام
Using speech that carries two possible meanings, one of which is true and the other is false, with the intention of manifesting that which is false.
Translated into: English French Spanish Indonesian Bosnian Russian
Axioms - بدهيات
Knowledge that is primordial and does not require reasoning or speculation.
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Circular cause - دَور
The existence of something being contingent upon its own existence; either with or without a means.
Translated into: English French Spanish Urdu Indonesian
Vague terms - ألفاظ مجملة
Terms that could indicate both correct and incorrect meanings in such a way that its meaning cannot be perceived except after scrutinizing and inquiry.
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Possibility/Probability - احْتِمَالٌ
The possibility of multiple meanings for a single thing.
Translated into: English French Urdu Russian
Impossible - ممتنع
Something that cannot exist in the real world and can only be imagined.
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Sensing - إِحْساسٌ
Knowing something through one of the senses, such as sensing that one’s ritual purification has been nullified, through smell, touch or the like.
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Effective cause - علة فاعلية
The factor that results in the existence of something or causes its occurrence.
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Proposition - مقدمة
Every proposition, whether minor or major, that composes syllogism.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
The one in kind - واحد بالنوع
A universal matter that is commonly shared by individuals and is subject to variation and division in such a way that if it is found in reality, then it becomes specific to that individual.
Translated into: English
Signification by implication - دَلالَةُ الالْتِزامِ
The concomitant signification of a word that is not an immediate meaning of it.
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Signification of partial accord - دَلالَةُ التَّضَمُّنِ
A word indicating part of its signification or meaning.
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Signification of complete accord - دلالة المطابقة
Interpretation of a term by all of its significations.
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Acquired Knowledge - عِلْمٌ مُكْتَسَبٌ
Knowledge that is acquired through investigation and logical inference.
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Synonymous - مُتَرادِفٌ
What has one meaning and various names.
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Association - اِقْتِرانٌ
Two things sharing one meaning.
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Axioms - أَوَّلِيّاتٌ
Issues and premises that develop in one's mind without any reason that necessitates acknowledging them.
Translated into: English French Spanish Urdu Indonesian Bosnian Russian
Antonymy - تخالف
The divergence between nouns and names.
Translated into: English French Urdu Indonesian Russian
Synonymy - تَرادُفٌ
Having several names referring to a single entity.
Translated into: English French Spanish Urdu Indonesian Bosnian Russian
Conceptualization - تَصَوُّرٌ
Forming an image of something in the mind and realizing its essence without any negation or affirmation.
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Real/Literal meaning - حَقِيقَةٌ
Using words for their original literal meaning.
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Apparent - ظاهِرٌ
A term that holds two or more meanings; one of which is more preponderant than the other(s).
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Wording - صِيغَةٌ
Terms and phrases that indicate the will of the speaker and the kind of action he is performing, like a sale transaction and the like.
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Reported news - خبر
A piece of news liable to be either true or false.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Speculative knowledge - عِلْمٌ نَظَرِي
Perception based on the mind's thinking, reflection, and inference.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Divergent - مُتَبَايِنٌ
A word that diverges from others in name and meaning, such as "man" and "horse", which are different.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian