Category: Testimonies
Tribalism/Fanaticism - عَصَبِيَّةٌ
To defend those you care about whether they are right or wrong, in support of your tribe, group, color, or the like.
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Lying/Falsehood - كَذِبٌ
To report about something in a way contrary to its reality, whether deliberately or mistakenly.
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Perjury/False testimony - شَهادَة الزُّورِ
Intentionally giving a false testimony with the aim of deception.
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Disobedient person - فاسِقٌ
"Fāsiq": one who departs from obedience and uprightness. Original meaning: something exiting something else in order to corrupt it.
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Integrity/Uprightness - عَدالَةٌ
"‘Adālah": holding fast to the truth. "‘Adl": justice, anything that is considered upright. Opposite: oppression. It is originally derived from "i‘tidāl", which means moderation and straightness. Other meanings: equality, integrity, purity.
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Testimony - شَهادَةٌ
"Shahādah": telling information obtained by means of witnessing or seeing some incident.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
False accusation of adultery - قَذْفٌ
"Qadhf": throwing something away. It also means cursing and was later used to refer to false accusation of adultery.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Drinker of alcohol - شارِبُ الخَمْرِ
Tījāniyyah
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Aggressors/Transgressors - بُغاةٌ
"Bughāh" (sing. bāghi): transgressor, oppressor. It is derived from "baghy", which means: exceeding the limits.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Grudge/Malice - حِقْدٌ
"Heqd": retaining animosity within the heart. Original meaning: retaining, withholding. Other meanings: dislike, hatred.
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Bribe - رِشْوَةٌ
"Rishwah": allowance, gift, any means that helps one reach something. It came to be used to refer specifically to means leading to forbidden things.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Manhood/Magnanimity - مُرُوءَةٌ
"Murū’ah": manhood in its perfect form; good manners and politeness. It is derived from "marī’" (the gullet). It was also said to be derived from "mar’", which means: man, human being. Other meanings: humanity, chastity, generosity, nobility, uprightness.
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Lying/Falsehood - زُورٌ
"Zūr": lying, falsehood. Original meaning: inclining, swerving, something adorned. Other meanings: accusation, strength, polytheism, singing, diversion.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Justice/Fairness - عَدل
"‘Adl": uprightness, just judgment. Opposite: injustice. Other meanings: moderateness.
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Details request - اسْتِفْصالٌ
Requesting to know the details of something and explanation related to it
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Limitation period - تَقادُمٌ
The lapse of a specific period of time after which the claim for a right may not be filed, or the execution of a judicial verdict is dismissed.
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Substantiation - إِثْباتٌ
Providing evidence on the veracity of allegations before the judge in a court of law concerning a right or a certain incident.
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Friendship - صَداقَةٌ
Sincere affection, love, and companionship between two or more friends.
Translated into: English French Urdu Russian
Disagreement/Difference - تَنازُعٌ
When two sides or more dispute, with each side claiming to be in the right.
Translated into: English French Indonesian Russian
Date - تارِيخٌ
The time that specifies the beginning of something and its end.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Enmity/Hostility - عَداوَةٌ
Harboring hatred and ill-will towards a person.
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Unintentional mistake - غَلَطٌ
Something contrary to what is correct without intention.
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Collective oath - قَسامَةٌ
Repeated oaths sworn by the kin of a slain person to confirm the accusation of murder.
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Just - عدل
It refers to an adult and sane Muslim who shuns major sins and does not persist in minor ones, and he mostly behaves correctly and refrains from such acts that prejudice the sense of honor.
Translated into: English Urdu Russian
Precision - ضَبْطٌ
Hearing the speech in the proper manner, understanding its intended meaning, and then memorizing it and being committed to it.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Establishing testimony - إِقامَةُ الشَّهادَةِ
Testifying the due right of someone over another person based on knowledge and certainty for the sake of Allah, without any diversion, deletion, or addition.
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To separate/distinguish - إِفْرازٌ
Separating and distinguishing the property of someone from that of his partner.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Record/Register/Logbook - سِجِلٌّ
The register wherein the judge records judicial verdicts and relevant information.
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Secondary testimony/Testimony to testimony - شَهادَةُ الاِسْتِرْعاءِ
The original witness asks a secondary (branch) witness to remember his testimony and memorize it accurately so that he would relay it on his behalf (before a judge).
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Contradictory statement - تَناقُضٌ
It is when the plaintiff or the witness says what necessitates invalidating his former statement, whether related to the rights of Allah or to the rights of people.
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Respected old woman - بَرْزَةٌ
A chaste old woman who comes out (of her room) and sits with the men, and they discuss things in her presence.
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Expertise - خِبْرَةٌ
Having detailed knowledge of something.
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Investigator of witness reliability - مُزَكِّي
A person whom the judge relies upon and refers to in order to determine the reliability of a witness.
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Mutual affirmation - تَصَادُقٌ
Each of the two litigants affirming the other's claim.
Translated into: English
Face-to-face oral communication - مُشَافَهَةٌ
Oral communication between two or more people face to face.
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Inquiry messengers - أصحابُ المسائلِ
Those whom the judge send to inquire about the state of the witnesses and ask those who know them.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian Russian
Blindness - عَمَى
Losing the eyesight in both eyes.
Translated into: English French Urdu Indonesian Russian