Blocking the means to evil - سَدُّ الذَّرائِعِ

Tījāniyyah

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Custom - عُرْفٌ

"‘Urf": a term that collectively refers to all the things that a given society knows and recognizes as good. Original meaning: what is "ma‘rūf", i.e. known and recognized, of good and benevolent deeds. Other meanings: what is common and known among people.

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Disagreement - اخْتِلَافٌ

"Ikhtilāf": dispute, disagreement, contradiction, reversal. Opposite: agreement. It is derived from "khilāfah", which means: succession and replacement of something by another. Other meanings: variation, change, dispersion.

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Practice of the people of Madīnah - عَمَلُ أَهْلِ المَدِينَةِ

Tījāniyyah

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Proofs - أَدِلَّةٌ

"Dalīl" (pl. adillah): what leads to something destined. It is derived from "tadlīl", which means indicating something with a sign. Other meanings: sign, supplementary evidence, guide, origin.

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Intellectual proofs - أَدِلَّةٌ عَقْلِيَّةٌ

Proofs that are established through speculation, opinion, and personal reasoning.

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Original non-liability - بَرَاءَةٌ أَصْلِيَّةٌ

Non-obligation of man to fulfill religious obligations and financial duties until evidence from the Shariah is established to this effect.

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A Companion's statement - قَوْلُ الصَّحَابِي

What has been transmitted from the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah's peace and blessings be upon him, of independent reasoning in one of the issues of the religion.

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Basic rule/Original ruling - أَصْلٌ

In analogy, it refers to the basic rule, as opposed to the subsidiary rule.

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Reason-based facts - عقليات

Anything that is approved by reason or known through human intellect.

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Laws of previous religions - شَرْعُ مَنْ قَبْلَنَا

The laws of previous heavenly-inspired religions that were authentically transmitted to us, Muslims.

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Induction - اسْتِقْراءٌ

Examining particular instances, or majority of such instances, to apply their ruling to a general instance that includes them.

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Contested proofs - أَدِلَّةٌ مُخْتَلَفٌ فِيهَا

Sources of Islamic legislation that are contested by the scholars, such as the sayings of the Companions, etc.

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