Category: Manners of Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil
Gentleness - رِفْق
"Rifq": gentleness, leniency. Opposite: harshness, severity. Other meanings: ease, facilitation. Original meaning: benefit.
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Pursuit of divine reward - اِحْتِسَابٌ
"Ihtisāb": considering something. It is derived from "hisāb", which means: counting, enumerating. Other meanings: denial.
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Compassion - شَفَقَةٌ
"Shafaqah": fear from and caution about misfortune, keenness on reform. Original meaning: delicateness. Other meanings: caution, mercy, affection, and grief.
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Compassion - رَأْفَةٌ
"Ra’fah": extreme mercy, great mercy. Original meaning: compassion, mercy.
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Haste - عَجَلَةٌ
"‘Ajalah": speed, quickness. Opposite: delay, postponement, respite. It is derived from "i‘jāl", which means: hastening.
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Violence - عُنْفٌ
"‘Unf": violence, harshness. Opposite: gentleness, ease. It is derived from "i‘tināf", which means: dislike, hardship.
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Sweet talk/Lip service - مداراة
"Mudārāh": leniency, gentleness. Original meaning: warding off. Gentleness is called "mudārāh" because one resorts to it to ward off harm.
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Harshness - شِدَّةٌ
Use of excessive force when dealing with oneself or others.
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Exasperation/Rage - غَيْظٌ
Internal rage that a person feels because of harm inflicted on him by another and his inability to vent that feeling.
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Deliberation - تَأَنِّي
Being lenient and deliberate, while seeking to do something, and not being in haste.
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Harshness - جَفَاءٌ
Toughness of the heart, harshness of behavior, and alienation from people.
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