Category: Analogy
Analogical deduction - قِيَاسٌ
"Qiyās": to associate, attach, compare two similar objects, simile, resemblance. Other meanings: consideration, compromise, and correctness.
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Transgression - تَعَدي
"Ta‘addi": oppression, transgression. Original meaning: exceeding the limit. Opposite: justice. Other meanings: corruption, causing harm.
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Agreed-upon proofs - أَدِلَّةٌ مُتَّفَقٌ عَلَيْهَا
Sources of Islamic legislation whose validity are not debated by the scholars of the Muslim Ummah. They are the Qur’an, the Sunnah, "ijmā‘" (consensus), and "qiyās" (analogy).
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Leaving/Abandoning - تَرْكٌ
Not doing something despite of being able to do it, whether it be intentionally or unintentionally.
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Legal cause - عِلَّةٌ
It is an apparent consistent quality that accompanies a Shariah ruling in all cases such that it determines whether or not that ruling is applicable.
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Basic rule/Original ruling - أَصْلٌ
In analogy, it refers to the basic rule, as opposed to the subsidiary rule.
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Applying general rule to individual case - تَحْقِيقُ المَناطِ
Confirming the presence of the cause, upon which there is an agreement based on a text, consensus or deduction, concerning a disputed case.
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Extracting justification for a ruling - تَنْقِيحُ المَناطِ
Scrutinizing a text to determine the justification for a ruling by discarding insignificant factors and taking into consideration significant factors only.
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Particularization/Specification of a general text - تخصيص
Excluding some connotations of a general text (expression).
Translated into: English Bosnian
Proposition - مقدمة
Every proposition, whether minor or major, that composes syllogism.
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Conclusion - نتيجة
The conclusion of something, and what the premises of a proposition lead to.
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Invalid analogy - فَسادُ الوَضْعِ
When analogy is used in an invalid way to draw a ruling therewith.
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Defective analogy - فَسادُ الاعْتِبارِ
Contradiction of an analogy to textual evidence or scholarly consensus.
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