Category: Method of Judgment
Freedom from liability/Innocence - بَراءَةٌ
"Barā’ah": discarding and being cleared from something. Original meaning: avoidance of what is disliked. Other meanings: abandonment, severance, separation.
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Swearing - حَلِفٌ
"Halif": oath. Original meaning: adherence - since one is required to adhere to his oath.
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Respite - إِنْظارٌ
"Inzhār": to grant respite, delay, and postpone. Opposite: hastening. It is derived from "nazhar", which means to behold and see something. Other meanings: deliberation, anticipation, lying in wait.
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Compulsion/Obligation - إِلْزامٌ
Forcing someone to do something or quit doing it.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Forcing/Compelling - إِجْبارٌ
A state in which a person with authority forces another to do an act to realize a Shariah ruling.
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Exposing/Defaming - تَشْهيرٌ
Exposing a person's faults by the ruler and announcing that to the people out of reprimand for that person and those like him.
Translated into: English Urdu Indonesian
Confining/Restricting movement - تَرْسِيمٌ
Limiting and restricting a person's movement such that he cannot move from one place to another.
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Contradictory statement - تَناقُضٌ
It is when the plaintiff or the witness says what necessitates invalidating his former statement, whether related to the rights of Allah or to the rights of people.
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Judge aiding a litigant - إِعْداءٌ
Fairness of the judge and his aiding a litigant against the one who wronged him.
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